Sodium

About This Test
Sodium is a key electrolyte that controls fluid balance, blood pressure, and how nerves and muscles work. Abnormal levels (too low or too high) can cause headaches, confusion, weakness, cramps, or seizures. Results are interpreted together with potassium, chloride, and CO₂ to understand overall hydration and acid–base status. This test is commonly included in routine chemistry panels to detect problems early.

Patient Preparation
No fasting needed

Best Time to Test
Anytime

Tests Included
Sodium

Why is it done
Evaluation of dehydration, swelling, confusion, or seizures; monitoring in kidney disease, heart failure, or liver cirrhosis; checking effects of diuretics, IV fluids, or adrenal disorders (e.g., Addison’s, SIADH); follow-up of prior abnormal electrolytes or blood pressure issues.